HUMAN HISTORY IS BUILT ON DESTRUCTION AND EXTINCTION: A FOCUS ON THE NEANDERTHAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63026/acertte.v4i9.208Keywords:
Neanderthals. Homo sapiens. Coexistence. Competition. Miscegenation.Abstract
Neanderthals coexisted with Homo sapiens in Europe for a period ranging from 1,400 to 2,800 years during the late Pleistocene. These hominids had extreme physical adaptations to cold climates, such as robust bodies and wide nasal structures to warm air, making them formidable predators. However, the arrival of Homo sapiens, who were adapted to modify their environment rather than physically adapt to it, intensified the competition for resources. The extinction of Neanderthals was accelerated by a combination of climate changes and direct competition with sapiens, who had advantages in endurance and adaptability. Additionally, genetic interbreeding occurred between the species, as evidenced by Neanderthal traits in the modern human genome. Thus, despite interbreeding, Neanderthals were gradually eliminated from the fossil record.
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